Study suggests ‘Chronic’ kidney cases on the rise

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Study suggests that chronic kidney disease is on the rise since the last three decades.

Scientists believe that the global rate of people dying due to kidney disease has seen an alarming rise in the last twenty-seven years, nearly three decades. While, most of such deaths caused by kidney issues in the past were preventable, they argue that when a person develops ‘Chronic Kidney Disease’ (CKD), their kidneys gradually stop functioning over a period of some years.

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Although, the kidneys usually filter excess fluid(s) and/or waste from the blood, these fluiods tend to accumulate in people suffering from CKD. Experts believe that there are no noticeable symptoms of CKD in its early stages, however, in case a person does not receive timely treatment, the Chronic Kidney Disease may progress to the last stage, when daily treatment and/or kidney transplant is required for survival of the patient.

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According to the data provided, scientists estimate that almost fourteen percent of the population in the United States alone suffers from CKD.

Moreover, people suffering from CKD are far more likely to also develop cardiovascular disease(s) which eventually becomes one of the most common causes of death in people with CKD. It is estimated that the chance of people dying of cardiovascular disease while also undergoing dialysis treatment is almost ten to twenty percent more as compared to patients who do not develop cardiovascular disease.

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Additionally, high blood pressure [hypertension] or diabetes are common causes of CKD. Experts suggest that it can also be caused by HIV [human immunodeficiency viruses], or exposure to toxins and/or heavy metals, respectively. They argue that there may be times when the primary cause remains unknown. While there is no cure for Chronic Kidney Disease, changes in lifestyle may help to prevent the situation from becoming fatal.

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Scientists believe that people in the later stages of CKD need expensive renal replacement therapy such as dialysis and/or kidney replacement/transplant to survive. According to The Lancet, a recently published study focuses on calculating the ‘global health burden’ of the CKD for the annual Global Burden of Disease study. The study focused on calculating and comparing the health impact of nearly 359 diseases and/or injuries and almost 85 risk factors within one hundred and ninety-five countries, respectively.

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The researchers focused on information gathered from previously published literature including government records, kidney disease registries and even households survey data. They accordingly used the statistical modeling to calculate the global burden of CKD. Reportedly, they included calculation on the following for this purpose:

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  • mortality 
  • years of life lost
  • life-years adjusted for disability

Furthermore, since there is limited data for regions including Latin America, the researchers had to consider geographical proximity to estimate the calculations. They claim that nearly 700 million people suffer CKD across the globe, and that nearly 1.2 million have died because of it. In addition to this, they estimate that approximately 1.36 million deaths occurred due to cardiovascular disease [caused because of ‘impaired kidney function’].

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Consequently, they discovered that mortality rate for CKD has increased by over forty one percent in the last few years, between 1990 to 2017, respectively. The sudden rise in numbers makes CKD the 12th leading cause of death globally [previously it was the seventeenth leading cause], as per reports of scientists.

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Moreover, the rate of dialysis treatment has also risen by 43.1 percent and transplant to almost 34.4 percent, respectively. Researchers estimate that the global CKD is responsible for almost 35.8 million ‘disability adjusted life years’ of which one-third is a direct consequence of diabetic kidney disease.

As per data presented by them:

[bs-quote quote=”Chronic kidney disease is a global killer hidden in plain sight.” style=”style-8″ align=”center” color=”#dd0000″ author_name=”Dr. Theo Vos” author_job=”Professor of Health Metrics Sciences, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington”][/bs-quote]

He added that the “evidence is clear” and that the consequences are “literally” deadly. Experts believe that in countries that lack health systems designed to calculate the cases of CKD, there will always be a gap between the estimated figures and the number of people who suffer from it. Moreover, they argue that the quality of Chronic Kidney Disease data is limited in accuracy.

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Researchers further point out that many countries that are part of the study did not have high-quality population-based studies for CKD. Additionally, they argue that while CKD is preventable and treatable, it deserves far greater attention than it receives in global health policy decision making, respectively.

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They further argue that the disease resulted in more deaths than tuberculosis or HIV in 2017. Similarly, patients of CKD greatly outnumber those with diabetes, osteoarthritis, chronic obstructive, and asthma, respectively.

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