Agricultural development in Pakistan & potential cooperation with China

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Pakistan is rich in traditional agriculture, sugarcane, corn, and has a good climate. 60% of the population is engaged in agriculture related work, which not only guarantees the national food security, but also provides important raw materials for textile and light industry, which is the basis for the survival and development of Pakistan’s national economy.

However, in recent years, Pakistan’s agriculture has also fallen into great difficulties, mainly in the following aspects:

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  • The agricultural science and technology is backward, the technical level is poor, the equipment is backward, the production efficiency is low, and the agricultural production cost is high;
  • The management system is not perfect, the development concept is backward, and the long-term development concept is lacking;
  • Agricultural infrastructure development lags behind, support policies are not in place, and investment is seriously insufficient;
  • It mainly provides primary agricultural products and lacks deep processing;
  • The yield per unit area and the total output of agricultural products are decreasing year by year, which cannot guarantee the domestic supply, and some agricultural products and deep-processing products need a lot of resources

Imported:

  • Some agricultural products are of poor quality, high price and lack of international competitiveness;
  • The allocation of agricultural production factors is misplaced, the distribution mechanism is unreasonable, and the enthusiasm of farmers is not high;
  • A lot of land is abandoned and soil degradation is serious;
  • Climate change leads to extreme weather disasters, diseases and insect pests, which have a great impact on agriculture.

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Suggestions on Agricultural Development in Pakistan

Pakistan’s agricultural development is still in the era of traditional small-scale peasant economy, and the gap between its development level and the world average level is widening. It is urgent to adjust the thinking and increase investment as soon as possible. According to the current situation and existing problems, the suggestions are as follows:

  • We need to increase investment in agricultural science and technology, strengthen cooperation with other countries in agricultural science and technology, and introduce advanced technologies, varieties, and equipment;
  • Agricultural management system reform, learn advanced agricultural development concept and management level, improve management efficiency and ability;
  • Reasonable allocation of policy, land, labor, technology, capital, market and other factors of production, give play to the enthusiasm of each factor;
  • We should increase agricultural support, strengthen agricultural infrastructure construction, and formulate reasonable agricultural subsidy policies;
  • We should innovate the development mode, provide convenience for investment and cooperation, and encourage overseas enterprises, local enterprises and government agencies to carry out various forms of joint ventures and cooperation.

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Potential of Agricultural Cooperation between China and Pakistan

China and Pakistan are both big agricultural producers and consumers. After 40 years of reform and development, China has accumulated a lot of experience in agricultural science and technology research and development, agricultural industrialization development, agricultural management mode innovation, etc., which is worthy of Pakistan’s learning and reference, and will play a positive role in improving Pakistan’s overall agricultural development level and ensuring its own food security.

At the same time, with the improvement of Chinese residents’ consumption level and the upgrading of consumer market, Pakistan needs to import a large number of agricultural and sideline products from all over the world every year, which provides a great opportunity for Pakistan to export agricultural and sideline products to China. On the premise of ensuring Pakistan’s domestic market supply, China Pakistan agricultural trade has great potential.

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Further China-Pakistan Agricultural Cooperation Ideas

Thinking:

1. The layout of the whole agricultural industry chain;

Pakistan’s whole agricultural field is relatively backward, and its agricultural industrialization development is a systematic project. Only the coordinated development of its internal subsystems can maintain the fastest development speed and achieve the maximum benefit. For China Pakistan agricultural cooperation, we have to put forward a package of development plans, including: Agricultural Science and technology transfer and incubation, agricultural planting, breeding, agricultural mechanization, intelligent agricultural informatization, deep processing of agricultural products, agricultural trade, rural urbanization, agricultural training and education, etc.

2. Break through from point to area and advance in an orderly way;

Agriculture involves a wide range of fields. After analyzing the current situation of agriculture in Pakistan, we have to plan to start with some industries with good industrial foundation, certain comparative advantages, good development conditions, and great significance to economic development and social livelihood; achieve breakthroughs from individual points, form demonstration effect, and realize industrial chain extension and industrial cluster development from point to area. At present, we focus on the fields of cotton industry, animal husbandry and processing, fruit and vegetable planting and processing, agricultural mechanization, agricultural trade and so on.

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3. It focuses on building platform, playing the role of bridge and link, focusing on project planning, investment operation and project management;

4. Adhere to the idea of taking Pakistan as the leading Party;

Agricultural cooperation between China and Pakistan is an all-round cooperation in technology, capital, market, management and other aspects. China always adheres to an open and inclusive development idea. The door of cooperation has been opened to Pakistan, but the effect and Prospect of cooperation depend on the Pakistani government and local enterprises. Therefore, it is necessary to actively guide Pakistan to emancipate its mind, actively plan and take the initiative, so as to make more cooperation achievements beneficial to Pakistan.

5. We should make full use of market operation and develop industrialization, actively absorb international resources and aim at the international market;

For Pakistan, its agricultural modernization development should actively absorb all available resources, enhance the competitiveness of its agricultural products, and actively participate in international agricultural cooperation and division of labor. At present, Pakistan’s agricultural sector is relatively closed, accounting for a small share in international agricultural trade. The prices of agricultural means of production and other production costs are on the high side, and some industries even have unreasonable policies, resulting in the prices of their agricultural products far higher than those in the international market, seriously distorting the value.

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The agricultural cooperation between China and Pakistan is one of the opportunities and important impetus for Pakistan’s agricultural modernization. It also follows the market principle, and plays an important role in agricultural technology cooperation, agricultural production, project investment and management, and agricultural products trade

Because of adhering to the cooperation mechanism of “equality, voluntariness, transparency and win-win”, playing the role of market regulation and reducing administrative intervention, Pakistan’s agricultural modernization benefits Pakistan and all neighboring countries.

6. Overall consideration of economic and social benefits of the project;

The development of agriculture is a major livelihood project in Pakistan, which will bring well-being to ordinary Pakistanis, who account for the majority of the population. At the same time, the agricultural project investment is large, the cycle is long, the return is low, the risk is high, needs the participation of all parties.

The economic and social benefits should be fully considered in the design of the project. Not only should the overseas investment enterprises have reasonable profits, but also the interest demands of ordinary Pakistani people should be considered, so as to realize the sustainable development of the project.

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7. Advanced science and technology should be considered in combination with the actual situation and pay attention to actual results.

Pakistan’s agricultural development level is low, and its agricultural modernization needs to be carried out step by step according to its actual national conditions. At present, the primary problem is to improve the output, quality and market performance of its agricultural products.

Therefore, the introduction of agricultural science and technology should pay more attention to the cultivation of excellent varieties, advanced cultivation technology, improvement of agricultural equipment, improvement of management mode, construction of market information channels and agricultural knowledge training through the introduction of practical technology and means to produce demonstration effect, so as to stimulate the enthusiasm of agricultural reform.

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